|
The Standardized Tournaments And Ratings System (STAR) was the premier rating service for international kickboxing, from 1980 through 1989, as syndicated in fifteen martial arts and sports magazines throughout the world.〔 Corcoran, John (December 1994). ''The Martial Arts Sourcebook'', Perennial Books, Harper Collins Publishers, New York, NY, Chapter 8.〕 It was recognized as the official ratings source by two out of three major sanctioning bodies for professional kickboxing, World Kickboxing Association (WKA)〔 Corcoran, John and Farkas, Emil (1983). ''Martial Arts: Traditions, History, People'', Gallery Books, W.H. Smith Publishers, Inc., New York, NY, p. 408.〕〔 Maslak, Paul and Corcoran, John (July 1981). “The STAR System: Full-Contact Ratings”, ''Official Karate'' magazine, p. 41.〕 and Karate International Council of Kickboxing (KICK).〔“About Us” at http://www.starsystemkickboxing.net/Pages/aboutus.aspx. Retrieved on 2 June 2011.〕 The STAR ratings helped internationalize the sport by encouraging transnational matchmaking, and by enabling free agent champions such as: Don "The Dragon" Wilson, Benny "The Jet" Urquidez, Rob Kaman, Stan "The Man" Longinidis, Dennis Alexio, Maurice Smith, Peter "Sugarfoot" Cunningham, Fred Royers, James Warring, Graciela Casillas and Lucia Rijker.〔 STAR relied on a statistical technique adapted from international tournament chess competition. Competitors were ranked according to actual fight outcomes from rated contender bouts as opposed to the traditional opinion-of-the-judges approach. Rated contenders were considered the “standard” for world class competition. An unrated competitor had to defeat a top contender to move into the top ten ratings.〔“Down with Politics!” (August 1980). ''KICK Illustrated'' magazine, pp. 50-53.〕 STAR documented nearly a decade of major kickboxing fight outcomes, frequently archived the official WKA and KICK scorecards from important events, identified undisputed world champions, and reconstructed the complete ring records of major champions. More than 250 live ring observers – including sports reporters, officials, managers, trainers and competitors – reported fight outcomes to the STAR System from around the world. Double-sourced corroboration was required for fight results reported from unofficial ring observers.〔 == Rated competition == Kickboxing contests included in the STAR ratings and kickboxing records featured paid professional competitors who fought for a knockout or multi-judge decision with kicks and punches, over timed rounds with rest periods, where strike-and-hold techniques were prohibited and round judging followed the international standard of overall effectiveness. Muay Thai, point karate, boxing, wrestling and amateur kickboxing were regarded as separate sports. Mixed martial arts did not yet exist. Outcomes from these sports had no impact on the STAR ratings.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「STAR System World Kickboxing Ratings」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|